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Artificial insemination or AI is the process by which sperm is placed into the reproductive tract of a female for the purpose of impregnating the female by using means other than sexual intercourse or NI. In humans it is used as assisted reproductive technology using either sperm from the woman's male partner or sperm from a sperm donor (donor sperm) in cases where the male partner produces no sperm or the woman has no male partner (i.e. single women and lesbians). In cases where donor sperm is used the woman is the gestational and genetic mother of the child produced and the sperm donor is the genetic or biological father of the child.
Artificial insemination is widely used for livestock breeding especially for dairy cattle and pigs. Techniques developed for livestock have been adapted for use in humans.
Specifically freshly ejaculated sperm or sperm which has been frozen and thawed is placed in the cervix (intracervical insemination ICI) or after washing into the female's uterus (intrauterine insemination IUI) by artificial means.
In humans artificial insemination was originally developed as a means of helping couples to conceive where there were 'male factor' problems of a physical or psychological nature affecting the male partner which prevented or impeded conception. Today the process is also and more commonly used in the case of choice mothers where a woman has no male partner and the sperm is provided by or on behalf of a sperm donor. Contents 1 In humans 1.1 Preparations 1.2 Procedure 1.3 Donor variations 1.4 Techniques 1.4.1 Intracervical insemination 1.4.2 Intrauterine insemination 1.4.3 Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination 1.4.4 Intratubal insemination 1.5 Pregnancy rate 1.6 Samples per child 1.7 History 2 Artificial insemination in livestock and pets 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links // In humans Preparations
A sperm sample will be provided by the male partner of the woman undergoing artificial insemination but sperm provided through sperm donation by a sperm donor may be used if for example the woman's partner produces too few motile sperm if he carries a genetic disorder or if the woman has no male partner. Sperm is usually obtained through masturbation or the use of an elec
Artificial insemination or AI is the process by which sperm is placed into the reproductive tract of a female for the purpose of impregnating the female by using means other than sexual intercourse or NI. In humans it is used as assisted reproductive technology using either sperm from the woman's male partner or sperm from a sperm donor (donor sperm) in cases where the male partner produces no sperm or the woman has no male partner (i.e. single women and lesbians). In cases where donor sperm is used the woman is the gestational and genetic mother of the child produced and the sperm donor is the genetic or biological father of the child.
Artificial insemination is widely used for livestock breeding especially for dairy cattle and pigs. Techniques developed for livestock have been adapted for use in humans.
Specifically freshly ejaculated sperm or sperm which has been frozen and thawed is placed in the cervix (intracervical insemination ICI) or after washing into the female's uterus (intrauterine insemination IUI) by artificial means.
In humans artificial insemination was originally developed as a means of helping couples to conceive where there were 'male factor' problems of a physical or psychological nature affecting the male partner which prevented or impeded conception. Today the process is also and more commonly used in the case of choice mothers where a woman has no male partner and the sperm is provided by or on behalf of a sperm donor. Contents 1 In humans 1.1 Preparations 1.2 Procedure 1.3 Donor variations 1.4 Techniques 1.4.1 Intracervical insemination 1.4.2 Intrauterine insemination 1.4.3 Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination 1.4.4 Intratubal insemination 1.5 Pregnancy rate 1.6 Samples per child 1.7 History 2 Artificial insemination in livestock and pets 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External links // In humans Preparations
A sperm sample will be provided by the male partner of the woman undergoing artificial insemination but sperm provided through sperm donation by a sperm donor may be used if for example the woman's partner produces too few motile sperm if he carries a genetic disorder or if the woman has no male partner. Sperm is usually obtained through masturbation or the use of an elec
to bypass the cervix so that an increased number can reach the uterine cavity and subsequently the fallopian tubes Fallopian Tube Uterus Intracervical Insemination Intrauterine Insemination Figure 1 Two types of insemination where fertilization usually occurs If the woman has
http://www.fertilityindia.com/husband_insemination.html
Intracervical Insemination (ICI) – Procedure, Costs, Success ...
Intracervical insemination (ICI) is a form of artificial insemination that places sperm into the female's reproductive tract to improve the couple's ...
Intracervical insemination (ICI) is a form of artificial insemination that places sperm into the female's reproductive tract to improve the couple's ...
trical stimulator although a special condom known as a collection condom may be used to collect the semen during intercourse.
The man providing the sperm is usually advised not to ejaculate for two to three days before providing the sample in order to increase the sperm count.
A woman's menstrual cycle is closely observed by tracking basal body temperature (BBT) and changes in vaginal mucus or using ovulation kits ultrasounds or blood tests.
When using intrauterine insemination (IUI) the sperm must have been washed in a laboratory and concentrated in Hams F10 media without L-glutamine warmed to 37C.1 The process of washing the sperm increases the chances of fertilization and removes any mucus and non-motile sperm in the semen. Pre and post concentration of motile sperm is counted.
If sperm is provided by a sperm donor through a sperm bank it will be frozen and quarantined for a particular period and the donor will be tested before and after production of the sample to ensure that he does not carry a transmissible disease. Sperm samples donated in this way are produced through masturbation by the sperm donor at the sperm bank. A chemical known as a cryoprotectant is added to the sperm to aid the freezing and thawing process. Further chemicals may be added which separate the most active sperm in the sample as well as extending or diluting the sample so that vials for a number of inseminations are produced. For fresh shipping a semen extender is used. Procedure
When an ovum is released semen provided by the woman's male partner or by a sperm donor is inserted into the woman's vagina or uterus. The semen may be fresh or it may be frozen semen which has been thawed. Where donor sperm is supplied by a sperm bank it will always be quarantined and frozen and will need to be thawed before use. Specially designed equipment is available for carrying out artificial inseminations.
In the case of vaginal artificial insemination semen is usually placed in the vagina by way of a needleless syringe. A longer tube known as a 'tom cat' may be attached to the end of the syringe to facilitate deposit of the semen deeper into the vagina. The woman is generally advised to lie still for a half hour or so after the insemination to prevent seepage and to allow fertilization to take place.
A more efficient method of artificial insemination is to insert semen directly into the woman's uterus. Where this method is employed it is important that only 'washed' semen be used and this is inserted into the uterus by means of a catheter. Sperm banks and fertility clinics usually offer 'washed'
The man providing the sperm is usually advised not to ejaculate for two to three days before providing the sample in order to increase the sperm count.
A woman's menstrual cycle is closely observed by tracking basal body temperature (BBT) and changes in vaginal mucus or using ovulation kits ultrasounds or blood tests.
When using intrauterine insemination (IUI) the sperm must have been washed in a laboratory and concentrated in Hams F10 media without L-glutamine warmed to 37C.1 The process of washing the sperm increases the chances of fertilization and removes any mucus and non-motile sperm in the semen. Pre and post concentration of motile sperm is counted.
If sperm is provided by a sperm donor through a sperm bank it will be frozen and quarantined for a particular period and the donor will be tested before and after production of the sample to ensure that he does not carry a transmissible disease. Sperm samples donated in this way are produced through masturbation by the sperm donor at the sperm bank. A chemical known as a cryoprotectant is added to the sperm to aid the freezing and thawing process. Further chemicals may be added which separate the most active sperm in the sample as well as extending or diluting the sample so that vials for a number of inseminations are produced. For fresh shipping a semen extender is used. Procedure
When an ovum is released semen provided by the woman's male partner or by a sperm donor is inserted into the woman's vagina or uterus. The semen may be fresh or it may be frozen semen which has been thawed. Where donor sperm is supplied by a sperm bank it will always be quarantined and frozen and will need to be thawed before use. Specially designed equipment is available for carrying out artificial inseminations.
In the case of vaginal artificial insemination semen is usually placed in the vagina by way of a needleless syringe. A longer tube known as a 'tom cat' may be attached to the end of the syringe to facilitate deposit of the semen deeper into the vagina. The woman is generally advised to lie still for a half hour or so after the insemination to prevent seepage and to allow fertilization to take place.
A more efficient method of artificial insemination is to insert semen directly into the woman's uterus. Where this method is employed it is important that only 'washed' semen be used and this is inserted into the uterus by means of a catheter. Sperm banks and fertility clinics usually offer 'washed'
Treatment cycles AI procedure the intracervical insemination procedure is typically less expensive than the intrauterine artificial insemination procedure Doctors Doctors within the United States have helped families with the development of Artificial insemination These doctors assist the patients with the procedures and testing
http://hss.fullerton.edu/womens/wmst320s07/davalos/davalos1.html
Artificial insemination - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Artificial insemination, or AI, is the process by which sperm is ... Intrauterine insemination, Intravaginal insemination, Intracervical insemination, and ...
Artificial insemination, or AI, is the process by which sperm is ... Intrauterine insemination, Intravaginal insemination, Intracervical insemination, and ...
semen for this purpose but if partner sperm is used it must also be 'washed' by a medical practitioner to eliminate the risk of cramping.
Semen is occasionally inserted twice within a 'treatment cycle'. A double intrauterine insemination has been theorized to increase pregnancy rates by decreasing the risk of missing the fertile window during ovulation. However a randomized trial of insemination after ovarian hyperstimulation found no difference in live birth rate between single and double intrauterine insemination.2
An alternative method to the use of a needless syringe or a catheter involves the placing of partner or donor sperm in the woman's vagina by means of a specially designed cervical cap a conception device or conception cap. This holds the semen in place near to the entrance to the cervix for a period of time usually for several hours to allow fertilization to take place. Using this method a woman may go about her usual activities while the cervical cap holds the semen in the vagina. One advantage with the conception device is that fresh non-liquified semen may be used.
If the procedure is successful the woman will conceive and carry to term a baby. A pregnancy resulting from artificial insemination will be no different from a pregnancy achieved by sexual intercourse. However there may be a slight increased likelihood of multiple births if drugs are used by the woman for a 'stimulated' cycle. Donor variations
Either sperm provided by the woman's husband or partner (artificial insemination by husband AIH) or sperm provided by a known or anonymous sperm donor (artificial insemination by donor AID or DI) can be used. Techniques
Intrauterine insemination Intravaginal insemination Intracervical insemination and Intrabtubal insemination Intracervical insemination
ICI is the easiest way to inseminate. This involves the deposit of raw fresh or frozen semen (which has been thawed) by injecting it high into the cervix with a needle-less syringe. This process closely replicates the way in which fresh semen is directly deposited on to the neck of the cervix by the penis during vaginal intercourse. When the male ejaculates sperm deposited this way will quickly swim into the cervix and toward the fallopian tubes where an ovum recently released by the ovary(s) hopefully awaits fertilization. It is the simplest method of artificial insemination and 'unwashed' or raw semen is normally used. It is probably therefore the most popular method and is used in most home self and practitioner insemination procedures.
Timing is critical as the window and opportunity for
Semen is occasionally inserted twice within a 'treatment cycle'. A double intrauterine insemination has been theorized to increase pregnancy rates by decreasing the risk of missing the fertile window during ovulation. However a randomized trial of insemination after ovarian hyperstimulation found no difference in live birth rate between single and double intrauterine insemination.2
An alternative method to the use of a needless syringe or a catheter involves the placing of partner or donor sperm in the woman's vagina by means of a specially designed cervical cap a conception device or conception cap. This holds the semen in place near to the entrance to the cervix for a period of time usually for several hours to allow fertilization to take place. Using this method a woman may go about her usual activities while the cervical cap holds the semen in the vagina. One advantage with the conception device is that fresh non-liquified semen may be used.
If the procedure is successful the woman will conceive and carry to term a baby. A pregnancy resulting from artificial insemination will be no different from a pregnancy achieved by sexual intercourse. However there may be a slight increased likelihood of multiple births if drugs are used by the woman for a 'stimulated' cycle. Donor variations
Either sperm provided by the woman's husband or partner (artificial insemination by husband AIH) or sperm provided by a known or anonymous sperm donor (artificial insemination by donor AID or DI) can be used. Techniques
Intrauterine insemination Intravaginal insemination Intracervical insemination and Intrabtubal insemination Intracervical insemination
ICI is the easiest way to inseminate. This involves the deposit of raw fresh or frozen semen (which has been thawed) by injecting it high into the cervix with a needle-less syringe. This process closely replicates the way in which fresh semen is directly deposited on to the neck of the cervix by the penis during vaginal intercourse. When the male ejaculates sperm deposited this way will quickly swim into the cervix and toward the fallopian tubes where an ovum recently released by the ovary(s) hopefully awaits fertilization. It is the simplest method of artificial insemination and 'unwashed' or raw semen is normally used. It is probably therefore the most popular method and is used in most home self and practitioner insemination procedures.
Timing is critical as the window and opportunity for
doctor will ask you to come back to the clinic for another session A woman may typically undergo three to six cycles to achieve impregnation What are the types of artificial insemination Artificial insemination has two common types the intracervical insemination which is the injection of sperm into the cervix or the fornix where the sperm is stored after ejaculation This
http://www.pregnancytobaby.com/category/medical-treatments/what-artificial-insemination-pregnancy
Intracervical Insemination
The key differences between in vitro and intracervical insemination are examined.
The key differences between in vitro and intracervical insemination are examined.
fertilization is little more than 12 hours from the release of the ovum. For each woman who goes through this process be it AI (artificial insemination) or NI (natural insemination); to increase chances for success an understanding of her rhythm or natural cycle is very important. Home ovulation tests are now available. Doing and understanding Basal Temperature Tests over several cycles; there is a slight dip and quick rise at the time of ovulation. She should note the color and texture of her vaginal mucous discharge. At the time of ovulation the protective cervical plug is released giving the vaginal discharge a stringy texture with an egg white color. A woman may also be able check the softness of the nose of her cervix by inserting two fingers. It should be considerably softer and more pliable than normal.
Advanced technical (medical) procedures may be used to increase the chances of conception.
When performed at home without the presence of a professional this procedure is sometimes referred to as intravaginal insemination or IVI.3 Intrauterine insemination
'Washed sperm' that is spermatozoa which have been removed from most other components of the seminal fluids can be injected directly into a woman's uterus in a process called intrauterine insemination (IUI). If the semen is not washed it may elicit uterine cramping expelling the semen and causing pain due to content of prostaglandins. (Prostaglandins are also the compounds responsible for causing the myometrium to contract and expel the menses from the uterus during menstruation.) The woman should rest on the table for 15 minutes after an IUI to optimize the pregnancy rate.4
To have optimal chances with IUI the female should be under 30 years of age and the man should have a TMS of more than 5 million per ml.5 In practice donor sperm will satisfy these criteria. A promising cycle is one that offers two follicles measuring more than 16 mm and estrogen of more than 500 pg/mL on the day of hCG administration.5 A short period of ejaculatory abstinence before intrauterine insemination is associated with higher pregnancy rates.6 However GnRH agonist administration at the time of implantation does not improve pregnancy outcome in intrauterine insemination cycles according to a randomized controlled trial.7
It can be used in conjunction with ovarian hyperstimulation. Still advanced maternal age causes decreased success rates; Women aged 3839 years appear to have reasonable success during the first two cycles of ovarian hyperstimulation and IUI. However for women aged 40 years there appears to be no benefit after
Advanced technical (medical) procedures may be used to increase the chances of conception.
When performed at home without the presence of a professional this procedure is sometimes referred to as intravaginal insemination or IVI.3 Intrauterine insemination
'Washed sperm' that is spermatozoa which have been removed from most other components of the seminal fluids can be injected directly into a woman's uterus in a process called intrauterine insemination (IUI). If the semen is not washed it may elicit uterine cramping expelling the semen and causing pain due to content of prostaglandins. (Prostaglandins are also the compounds responsible for causing the myometrium to contract and expel the menses from the uterus during menstruation.) The woman should rest on the table for 15 minutes after an IUI to optimize the pregnancy rate.4
To have optimal chances with IUI the female should be under 30 years of age and the man should have a TMS of more than 5 million per ml.5 In practice donor sperm will satisfy these criteria. A promising cycle is one that offers two follicles measuring more than 16 mm and estrogen of more than 500 pg/mL on the day of hCG administration.5 A short period of ejaculatory abstinence before intrauterine insemination is associated with higher pregnancy rates.6 However GnRH agonist administration at the time of implantation does not improve pregnancy outcome in intrauterine insemination cycles according to a randomized controlled trial.7
It can be used in conjunction with ovarian hyperstimulation. Still advanced maternal age causes decreased success rates; Women aged 3839 years appear to have reasonable success during the first two cycles of ovarian hyperstimulation and IUI. However for women aged 40 years there appears to be no benefit after
Description Use Artificial intracervical insemination with frozen sperm For use with
http://www.cryobiosystem.com.mixtrio.net/ART/Produits/ICIIUIIVF/Intracervicalinseminationcatheter/tabid/274/Default.aspx
Intracervical Insemination Instructions
Intracervical Insemination Instructions (Content revised 1/2003, ... Note: The patient should be prepared for insemination before the frozen semen is withdrawn ...
Intracervical Insemination Instructions (Content revised 1/2003, ... Note: The patient should be prepared for insemination before the frozen semen is withdrawn ...
a single cycle of COH/IUI.8 It is therefore recommended to consider in vitro fertilization after one failed COH/IUI cycle for women aged 40 years.8
Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination
Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination (IUTPI) is insemination where both the uterus and fallopian tubes are filled with insemination fluid. The cervix is clamped to prevent leakage to the vagina best achieved with the specially designed Double Nut Bivalve (DNB) speculum. The sperm is mixed to create a volume of 10 ml sufficient enough to fill the uterine cavity pass through the interstitial part of the tubes and the ampulla finally reaching the peritoneal cavity and the Pouch of Douglas where it would be mixed with the peritoneal and follicular fluid. IUTPI can be useful in unexplained infertility mild or moderate male infertility and mild or moderate endometriosis.9 Intratubal insemination
IUI can furthermore be combined with intratubal insemination (ITI) into the Fallopian tube although this procedure is no longer generally regarded as having any beneficial effect compared with IUI.10 ITI however should not be confused with gamete intrafallopian transfer where both eggs and sperm are mixed outside the woman's body and then immediately inserted into the Fallopian tube where fertilization takes place. Pregnancy rate
Success rates or pregnancy rates for artificial insemination may be very misleading since many factors including the age and health of the recipient have to be included to give a meaningful answer e.g. definition of success and calculation of the total population.11 For couples whose infertility is unexplained unstimulated IUI is no more effective than natural means of conception.1213 Approximate pregnancy rate as a function of total sperm count (may be twice as large as total motile sperm count). Values are for intrauterine insemination. (Old data rates are likely higher today)citation needed
Generally it is 10 to 15% per menstrual cycle using ICI and14 and 15-20% per cycle for IUI.14unreliable source In IUI about 60 to 70% have achieved pregnancy after 6 cycles.15
As seen on the graph the pregnancy rate also depends on the total sperm count or more specifically the total motile sperm count (TMSC) used in a cycle. It increases with increasing TMSC but only up to a certain count when other factors become limiting to success. The summed pregnancy rate of two cycles using a TMSC of 5 million (may be a TSC of 10 million on graph) in each cycle is substantially higher than one single cycle using a TMSC of 10 million. However although more cost-efficient using a l
Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination (IUTPI) is insemination where both the uterus and fallopian tubes are filled with insemination fluid. The cervix is clamped to prevent leakage to the vagina best achieved with the specially designed Double Nut Bivalve (DNB) speculum. The sperm is mixed to create a volume of 10 ml sufficient enough to fill the uterine cavity pass through the interstitial part of the tubes and the ampulla finally reaching the peritoneal cavity and the Pouch of Douglas where it would be mixed with the peritoneal and follicular fluid. IUTPI can be useful in unexplained infertility mild or moderate male infertility and mild or moderate endometriosis.9 Intratubal insemination
IUI can furthermore be combined with intratubal insemination (ITI) into the Fallopian tube although this procedure is no longer generally regarded as having any beneficial effect compared with IUI.10 ITI however should not be confused with gamete intrafallopian transfer where both eggs and sperm are mixed outside the woman's body and then immediately inserted into the Fallopian tube where fertilization takes place. Pregnancy rate
Success rates or pregnancy rates for artificial insemination may be very misleading since many factors including the age and health of the recipient have to be included to give a meaningful answer e.g. definition of success and calculation of the total population.11 For couples whose infertility is unexplained unstimulated IUI is no more effective than natural means of conception.1213 Approximate pregnancy rate as a function of total sperm count (may be twice as large as total motile sperm count). Values are for intrauterine insemination. (Old data rates are likely higher today)citation needed
Generally it is 10 to 15% per menstrual cycle using ICI and14 and 15-20% per cycle for IUI.14unreliable source In IUI about 60 to 70% have achieved pregnancy after 6 cycles.15
As seen on the graph the pregnancy rate also depends on the total sperm count or more specifically the total motile sperm count (TMSC) used in a cycle. It increases with increasing TMSC but only up to a certain count when other factors become limiting to success. The summed pregnancy rate of two cycles using a TMSC of 5 million (may be a TSC of 10 million on graph) in each cycle is substantially higher than one single cycle using a TMSC of 10 million. However although more cost-efficient using a l
20 Artificial insemination A I H 3 4 1 10 17 CC CC+hMG hMG FSH 40 3 4 intrauterine insemination IUI intracervical insemination ICI intravaginal insemination IVI IUI IVF 20 Artificial insemination A I H 3 4 1 10 17 CC CC+hMG hMG FSH
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Intrauterine Insemination - Artificial Insemination ...
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the most common AI procedure today, and it ... Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is very similar to intracervical insemination except that ...
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the most common AI procedure today, and it ... Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is very similar to intracervical insemination except that ...
ower TMSC also increases the average time taken before getting pregnant. Women whose age is becoming a major factor in fertility may not want to spend that extra time.
Samples per child
How many samples (ejaculates) that are required give rise to a child varies substantially from person to person as well as from clinic to clinic.
However the following equations generalize the main factors involved:
For intracervical insemination: N is how many children a single sample can give rise to. Vs is the volume of a sample (ejaculate) usually between 1.0 mL and 6.5 mL16 c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample after freezing and thawing approximately 5-20 million per ml but varies substantially rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle approximately 10% to 15%14 nr is the total motile sperm count recommended for use in a cycle approximately 20 million.17 The pregnancy rate increases with increasing number of motile sperm used but only up to a certain degree when other factors become limiting instead. Derivation of the equation (click at right to view) In the simplest form the equation reads: N is how many children a single sample can give rise to ns is the number of vials produced per sample nc is the number of vials used in a cycle rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle
ns can be further split into: ns is the number of vials produced per sample Vs is the volume of a sample Vv is the volume of the vials used
nc may be split into: nc is the number of vials used in a cycle nr is the number of motile sperm recommended for use in a cycle ns is the number of motile sperm in a vial
ns may be split into: ns is the number of motile sperm in a vial Vv is the volume of the vials used c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample
Thus the factors can be presented as follows: N is how many children a single sample can help giving rise to Vs is the volume of a sample c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle nr is the number of motile sperm recommended for use in a cycle Vv is the volume of the vials used (its value doesn't affect N and may be eliminated. In short the smaller the vials the more vials are used) Approximate live birth rate (rs) among infertile couples as a function of total motile sperm count (nr). Values are for intrauterine insemination.citation needed
With these numbers one sample would on average help giving rise to 0.1-0.6 children that is it actually takes on average 2-5 samples to make a child.
For intrauterine insemination (IUI) a centrifugation fraction (f
How many samples (ejaculates) that are required give rise to a child varies substantially from person to person as well as from clinic to clinic.
However the following equations generalize the main factors involved:
For intracervical insemination: N is how many children a single sample can give rise to. Vs is the volume of a sample (ejaculate) usually between 1.0 mL and 6.5 mL16 c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample after freezing and thawing approximately 5-20 million per ml but varies substantially rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle approximately 10% to 15%14 nr is the total motile sperm count recommended for use in a cycle approximately 20 million.17 The pregnancy rate increases with increasing number of motile sperm used but only up to a certain degree when other factors become limiting instead. Derivation of the equation (click at right to view) In the simplest form the equation reads: N is how many children a single sample can give rise to ns is the number of vials produced per sample nc is the number of vials used in a cycle rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle
ns can be further split into: ns is the number of vials produced per sample Vs is the volume of a sample Vv is the volume of the vials used
nc may be split into: nc is the number of vials used in a cycle nr is the number of motile sperm recommended for use in a cycle ns is the number of motile sperm in a vial
ns may be split into: ns is the number of motile sperm in a vial Vv is the volume of the vials used c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample
Thus the factors can be presented as follows: N is how many children a single sample can help giving rise to Vs is the volume of a sample c is the concentration of motile sperm in a sample rs is the pregnancy rate per cycle nr is the number of motile sperm recommended for use in a cycle Vv is the volume of the vials used (its value doesn't affect N and may be eliminated. In short the smaller the vials the more vials are used) Approximate live birth rate (rs) among infertile couples as a function of total motile sperm count (nr). Values are for intrauterine insemination.citation needed
With these numbers one sample would on average help giving rise to 0.1-0.6 children that is it actually takes on average 2-5 samples to make a child.
For intrauterine insemination (IUI) a centrifugation fraction (f
A Closer Look At Intracervical Insemination Most people have heard of in vitro fertilization IVF after all it was widely controversial when it first came on the scene as a successful fertility treatment But there is another
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+ Dr. Rama's Infertility Centres IVF Clinics in India
This procedure is known as intracervical insemination (ICI). A plastic-coated sponge or ... Sperm washing and the insemination procedure do not increase or decrease this risk. ...
This procedure is known as intracervical insemination (ICI). A plastic-coated sponge or ... Sperm washing and the insemination procedure do not increase or decrease this risk. ...
c) may be added to the equation:
fc is the fraction of the volume that remains after centrifugation of the sample which may be about half (0.5) to a third (0.33).
On the other hand only 5 million motile sperm may be needed per cycle with IUI (nr5 million)17
Thus only 1-3 samples may be needed for a child if used for IUI. History
In the 1980s direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI) was occasionally used where doctors injected sperm into the lower abdomen through a surgical hole or incision with the intention of letting them find the oocyte at the ovary or after entering the genital tract through the ostium of the fallopian tube.18 Artificial insemination in livestock and pets A breeding mount with built-in artificial vagina used in semen collection from horses for use in artificial insemination
Artificial insemination is used in many non-human animals including sheep horses cattle pigs dogs pedigree animals generally zoo animals turkeys and even honeybees. It may be used for many reasons including to allow a male to inseminate a much larger number of females to allow use of genetic material from males separated by distance or time to overcome physical breeding difficulties to control the paternity of offspring to synchronise births to avoid injury incurred during natural mating and to avoid the need to keep a male at all (such as for small numbers of females or in species whose fertile males may be difficult to manage).
Semen is collected extended then cooled or frozen. It can be used on site or shipped to the female's location. If frozen the small plastic tube holding the semen is referred to as a straw. To allow the sperm to remain viable during the time before and after it is frozen the semen is mixed with a solution containing glycerol or other cryoprotectants. An extender is a solution that allows the semen from a donor to impregnate more females by making insemination possible with fewer sperm. Antibiotics such as streptomycin are sometimes added to the sperm to control some bacterial venereal diseases. Before the actual insemination estrus may be induced through the use of progestogen and another hormone (usually PMSG).
Artificial insemination of farm animals is very common in today's agriculture industry in the developed world especially for breeding dairy cattle (75% of all inseminationsclarification needed) and swine (up to 85% of all inseminations). It provides an economical means for a livestock breeder to improve their herds utilizing males having very desirable traits.
Although common with cattle and swine AI is not as widely prac
On the other hand only 5 million motile sperm may be needed per cycle with IUI (nr5 million)17
Thus only 1-3 samples may be needed for a child if used for IUI. History
In the 1980s direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI) was occasionally used where doctors injected sperm into the lower abdomen through a surgical hole or incision with the intention of letting them find the oocyte at the ovary or after entering the genital tract through the ostium of the fallopian tube.18 Artificial insemination in livestock and pets A breeding mount with built-in artificial vagina used in semen collection from horses for use in artificial insemination
Artificial insemination is used in many non-human animals including sheep horses cattle pigs dogs pedigree animals generally zoo animals turkeys and even honeybees. It may be used for many reasons including to allow a male to inseminate a much larger number of females to allow use of genetic material from males separated by distance or time to overcome physical breeding difficulties to control the paternity of offspring to synchronise births to avoid injury incurred during natural mating and to avoid the need to keep a male at all (such as for small numbers of females or in species whose fertile males may be difficult to manage).
Semen is collected extended then cooled or frozen. It can be used on site or shipped to the female's location. If frozen the small plastic tube holding the semen is referred to as a straw. To allow the sperm to remain viable during the time before and after it is frozen the semen is mixed with a solution containing glycerol or other cryoprotectants. An extender is a solution that allows the semen from a donor to impregnate more females by making insemination possible with fewer sperm. Antibiotics such as streptomycin are sometimes added to the sperm to control some bacterial venereal diseases. Before the actual insemination estrus may be induced through the use of progestogen and another hormone (usually PMSG).
Artificial insemination of farm animals is very common in today's agriculture industry in the developed world especially for breeding dairy cattle (75% of all inseminationsclarification needed) and swine (up to 85% of all inseminations). It provides an economical means for a livestock breeder to improve their herds utilizing males having very desirable traits.
Although common with cattle and swine AI is not as widely prac
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Intracervical Insemination vs. Intrauterine Insemination
Intracervical Insemination vs. Intrauterine Insemination ... Artificial insemination is commonly used with ovulation inducing medications when, for ...
Intracervical Insemination vs. Intrauterine Insemination ... Artificial insemination is commonly used with ovulation inducing medications when, for ...
tised in the breeding of horses. A small number of equine associations in North America only accept horses that have been conceived by "natural cover" or "natural service" the actual physical mating of a mare to a stallion. The Jockey Club being the most notable of these - no AI is allowed in Thoroughbred breeding.19 Other registries such as the AQHA and warmblood registries allow registration of foals created through AI and the process is widely used allowing the breeding of mares to stallions not resident at the same facility - or even in the same country - through the use of transported frozen or cooled semen.
In 1997 Tilikum an Orca at SeaWorld Orlando began training for AI. In early 2000 Kasatka who resides at SeaWorld San Diego was artificially inseminated using his sperm. She gave birth to Tillikum's son Nakai on September 1 2001. On May 3 2002 another female in San Diego named Takara bore Tilikum's calf through AI a female named Kohana. Takara is Kasatka's oldest child and daughter. See also Semen extender Embryo transfer Ex-situ conservation Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Sperm bank Sperm donation Sperm sorting Donor conceived people Surrogacy Frozen zoo Wildlife Conception device Notes Adams Robert M.D."invitro fertilization technique" Monterey CA 1988 Bagis T Haydardedeoglu B Kilicdag EB Cok T Simsek E Parlakgumus AH (May 2010). "Single versus double intrauterine insemination in multi-follicular ovarian hyperstimulation cycles: a randomized trial". Hum Reprod. doi:10.1093/humrep/deq112. PMID 20457669. European Sperm Bank USA Laurie Barclay. "Immobilization May Improve Pregnancy Rate After Intrauterine Insemination". Medscape Medical News. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/711566srcmpnews&spon16&uac75071SJ. Retrieved October 31 2009. a b Merviel P Heraud MH Grenier N Lourdel E Sanguinet P Copin H (November 2008). "Predictive factors for pregnancy after intrauterine insemination (IUI): An analysis of 1038 cycles and a review of the literature". Fertil. Steril. 93 (1): 7988. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.058. PMID 18996517. Marshburn PB Alanis M Matthews ML et al. (September 2009). "A short period of ejaculatory abstinence before intrauterine insemination is associated with higher pregnancy rates". Fertil. Steril. 93 (1): 2868. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.972. PMID 19732887. Bellver J Labarta E Bosch E et al. (June 2009). "GnRH agonist administration at the time of implantation does not improve pregnancy outcome in intrauterine insemination cycles: a randomized controlled trial". Fertil. Steril.. doi:10.1016/
In 1997 Tilikum an Orca at SeaWorld Orlando began training for AI. In early 2000 Kasatka who resides at SeaWorld San Diego was artificially inseminated using his sperm. She gave birth to Tillikum's son Nakai on September 1 2001. On May 3 2002 another female in San Diego named Takara bore Tilikum's calf through AI a female named Kohana. Takara is Kasatka's oldest child and daughter. See also Semen extender Embryo transfer Ex-situ conservation Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Sperm bank Sperm donation Sperm sorting Donor conceived people Surrogacy Frozen zoo Wildlife Conception device Notes Adams Robert M.D."invitro fertilization technique" Monterey CA 1988 Bagis T Haydardedeoglu B Kilicdag EB Cok T Simsek E Parlakgumus AH (May 2010). "Single versus double intrauterine insemination in multi-follicular ovarian hyperstimulation cycles: a randomized trial". Hum Reprod. doi:10.1093/humrep/deq112. PMID 20457669. European Sperm Bank USA Laurie Barclay. "Immobilization May Improve Pregnancy Rate After Intrauterine Insemination". Medscape Medical News. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/711566srcmpnews&spon16&uac75071SJ. Retrieved October 31 2009. a b Merviel P Heraud MH Grenier N Lourdel E Sanguinet P Copin H (November 2008). "Predictive factors for pregnancy after intrauterine insemination (IUI): An analysis of 1038 cycles and a review of the literature". Fertil. Steril. 93 (1): 7988. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.058. PMID 18996517. Marshburn PB Alanis M Matthews ML et al. (September 2009). "A short period of ejaculatory abstinence before intrauterine insemination is associated with higher pregnancy rates". Fertil. Steril. 93 (1): 2868. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.972. PMID 19732887. Bellver J Labarta E Bosch E et al. (June 2009). "GnRH agonist administration at the time of implantation does not improve pregnancy outcome in intrauterine insemination cycles: a randomized controlled trial". Fertil. Steril.. doi:10.1016/
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artificial insemination: West's Encyclopedia of American Law ...
artificial insemination n. ( Abbr. AI ) Introduction of semen into the vagina or uterus without sexual
artificial insemination n. ( Abbr. AI ) Introduction of semen into the vagina or uterus without sexual
j.fertnstert.2009.04.044. PMID 19501354.
a b Harris I.; Missmer S.; Hornstein M. (2010). "Poor success of gonadotropin-induced controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination for older women". Fertility and sterility 94 (1): 144148. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.02.040. PMID 19394605.
Leonidas Mamas M.D.Ph.D (March 2006). "Comparison of fallopian tube sperm perfusion and intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination:a prospective randomized study". Fertility and Sterility Journal 85 (3): 735740. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.025. PMID 16500346.
Hurd WW Randolph JF Ansbacher R Menge AC Ohl DA Brown AN (February 1993). "Comparison of intracervical intrauterine and intratubal techniques for donor insemination". Fertil. Steril. 59 (2): 33942. PMID 8425628.
IVF.com
Fertility treatments 'no benefit'. BBC News 7 August 2008
Bhattacharya S Harrild K Mollison J et al. (2008). "Clomifene citrate or unstimulated intrauterine insemination compared with expectant management for unexplained infertility: pragmatic randomised controlled trial". BMJ 337: a716. doi:10.1136/bmj.a716. PMID 18687718.
a b c Utrecht CS News Subject: Infertility FAQ (part 4/4)
Intrauterine insemination. Information notes from the fertility clinic at Aarhus University Hospital Skejby. By PhD Ulrik Kesmodel et al.
Essig Maria G.; Edited by Susan Van Houten and Tracy Landauer Reviewed by Martin Gabica and Avery L. Seifert (2007-02-20). "Semen Analysis". Healthwise. WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/guide/semen-analysispage1. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
a b Cryos FAQs - What is the recommended quantity and quality by ordering of donor semen
Oral Sex a Knife Fight and Then Sperm Still Impregnated Girl. Account of a Girl Impregnated After Oral Sex Shows Sperms' Incredible Survivability By LAUREN COX. abcNEWS/Health Feb. 3 2010
The Jockey Club has never allowed artificial insemination.
References
Hammond John et al. The Artificial Insemination of Cattle (Cambridge Heffer 1947 61pp)
External links
Detailed description of the different fertility treatment options available
A history of artificial insemination
What are the Ethical Considerations for Sperm Donation
United States state court rules sperm donor is not liable for children
UK Sperm Donors Lose Anonymity
AI technique in the equine
IntraUterine TuboPeritoneal Insemination (IUTPI)
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Description Use Artificial intracervical insemination with frozen sperm For use with CBS High Security 0 3 and 0 5 ml straws
http://www.cryobiosystem.com.mixtrio.net/ART/Produits/ICIIUIIVF/Intracervicalinseminationcatheter/tabid/274/Default.aspx
How to Start the Process of Intracervical Insemination | eHow.com
Intracervical insemination is one form of insemination that involves ... Intracervical insemination is used when conventional methods of conception are not working. ...
Intracervical insemination is one form of insemination that involves ... Intracervical insemination is used when conventional methods of conception are not working. ...
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proc drug(2A/G2C) v d e Assisted reproductive technology Fertility medication GnRH agonists Estrogen antagonists (Clomifene Aromatase inhibitor) Gonadotropins (Menotropins) hCG FSH In vitro fertilisation (IVF) and expansions Ovarian hyperstimulation Transvaginal ovum retrieval Embryo transfer Assisted zona hatching Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Autologous endometrial coculture zygote intrafallopian transfer Cytoplasmic transfer Egg donation gestational carrier Preimplantation genetic diagnosis Other methods Gamete intrafallopian transfer Sex selection Artificial insemination (Artificial insemination by donor/Sperm donation) Surrogacy Reproductive surgery (reverse vasectomy) Semen collection Cryopreservation (of oocytes of semen) In fiction See subsections in e.g. surrogacy and sperm donation reproduction and pregnancy in speculative fiction Other Religious response to ART Infertility Three-parent babies
M: FRS
anat/phys/devp
noco/cong/npls sysi/epon
proc/asst drug (G1/G2B/G3CD)
M: OBS
phys/devp
mthr/fetu/infc epon
proc drug(2A/G2C)
M: OBS
phys/devp
mthr/fetu/infc epon
proc drug(2A/G2C) v d e Assisted reproductive technology Fertility medication GnRH agonists Estrogen antagonists (Clomifene Aromatase inhibitor) Gonadotropins (Menotropins) hCG FSH In vitro fertilisation (IVF) and expansions Ovarian hyperstimulation Transvaginal ovum retrieval Embryo transfer Assisted zona hatching Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Autologous endometrial coculture zygote intrafallopian transfer Cytoplasmic transfer Egg donation gestational carrier Preimplantation genetic diagnosis Other methods Gamete intrafallopian transfer Sex selection Artificial insemination (Artificial insemination by donor/Sperm donation) Surrogacy Reproductive surgery (reverse vasectomy) Semen collection Cryopreservation (of oocytes of semen) In fiction See subsections in e.g. surrogacy and sperm donation reproduction and pregnancy in speculative fiction Other Religious response to ART Infertility Three-parent babies
M: FRS
anat/phys/devp
noco/cong/npls sysi/epon
proc/asst drug (G1/G2B/G3CD)
M: OBS
phys/devp
mthr/fetu/infc epon
proc drug(2A/G2C)
Comments 0 Artificial insemination is the process in which the sperm is placed into the female s vagina or into the female s uterus These types of inseminations include intracervical insemination
http://www.thepregnancyzone.com/preparing-for-pregnancy/artificial-insemination-procedure-that-helps-to-become-pregnant
